Beam wobbler



Sept. 1, 1931. G. 1.. USSELMAN 1,82136? BEAM WOBBLER Filed Nov. 18, 1925 2 INVENTOR GEORGE L. USSELMAN A TORNEY Patented Sept. 1, 1931 enonen L. Ussnnrian, or nos-3y POINT, NEW yon c, assienon To name coRronA i -ll F M B A QBe N OF DEL WARE BEAM WOBBL-ER Application. filed November 18, 1925. Serial l To. 69,817.

- This invention relates to ,a beam Wobbler for the sendingof signals by radiant energy for wireless communication. Its purpose is to over-come the .efiect of the common and widespread experience of fading signals in radio communication.

. This is accomplished by so arranging the sending apparatus that .a large number of paths might be taken by the carrier Wave in its course between the sending device and the receiver. Ordinarily in the common directive sending arrangement, only a limited number f pa hs ar poss l It is generally conceded that fading is ordinarily due to deflection or refraction of carrier waves as they rise in the ether. These reflected waves interfere with the horizontal waves in such .a way as to produce points Wh e 1.1.0 e pti i p s ible- Another type of fading which this inventiOn isdesignedto eliminate isthat which may occur at a great distance from the transmitter to which the horizontal wave does not reach because of attenuation by the, earth. In this case all the received signal is believed to he that which has been reflected or refracted from a great height and the strength of which may varyover a great range due to changes in the reflecting or retracting medium caused by astronomical or terrestrial Phen mena WVhen the waves start out from the antenna h y may be h cfl ed or f ct d d ring their transmission from the sending sta- 7 tion to the receiving station. It the beam of radiated waves is wobbled, that is, if the angle of the beam is moved bacl; and forth 1 p and. low apid y, it w nabl h ceivingstation to pick up the signal at many Poin s Wh r cep n is imposs l r narily.

There are many ways by which the beam of oscillations may he wobbled. However, it will suflice in the explanation of this invention to describe but one. This description is embodied in the following specification, claims and drawings in which:

Fig. 1 shows a side view of my device, and

Fig. 2 shows a wiring arrangement more in detail.

Th an na 1 i n ha wav length long and is what is ordinarily known as the doublet antenna, having two aerial extensions in opposite directions, either vertically or hor zonta y d enn tcd t a r n m ter 1 1. 2 and 3 are a plurality of reflector ir para l t t v.cl u l an nn an 01.18 qu r e w ve l ngth w y-f om t Th principle of the ratio reflector has been known and is .old in the radioart. I

h ang la 'c s an b ween he t em reflector wires, which determine the amount of wobble, will depend upon the service for which it is intended .to be used. It is also dependent ,upon the particular location and characteristics of the surroundings. The eng e the i e @1 2 a d 3 ay b approximately the same as that of the antenna a d 7 ar h sta na y plat f a Plurality of variable ,tuning condensers eonested r specti e y t refl ct ir 2 n 8 an 9v ar m in condenser Pla e e e connected to these reflector wires respectively. These condenser plates are connectedthrough lins land 5 The movable condenser plates are mounted in dephased relation upon a single shaft which is connected to the. motor 10 which drives it at any desired speed,

In this case these plates are located at an angle of 18.0 degrees to each other.

The capacitiesoi each of these condensers is such that intermittently, according to the speed of the motor during each half revolution, they will bring one of .t-he reflectors into resonance for the working frequency used in the transmitting apparatus 11 That is, the. function of the condensers is to cyclically vary the tuning of the reflectors alternately so that first one wire is efiective to refleet the waves and then the other. This will wobble the reflected waves or beams from one direction to the other. The speed at which the beam can be wobbled obviously will de pend upon the speed of the rotating condensers. r

It is. obvious also that a speed may he used which is most desirable for the particular location and circumstances. It will be found desirable to use a speed whiohis above anli i h u d in a et n' ith rad-i9 telephony, while Where ordinary telegraph signals are used, an audible speed may be used.

By the term antenna I mean any complete antenna, aerial, or other radiation means or system, composed of any number of conductors arranged in any desired manner, which system is energized from a single transmitter.

Having thus described my invention, I do not wish to be limited to the specific modification described, but only by the extent indicated in the following claims 1. In a system for transmitting intelligence from one geographically situated point to another geographically situated point by propagated electromagnetic waves derived from the flow of high frequency undulatory electrical energy operated upon in accordance with the intelligence to be transmitted, the method of preventing fading of the propagated electromagnetic waves which includes directionally propagating electromagnetic waves in directions in a vertical plane which oscillate in rapidly repeated cycles only through an angle substantially less than 90 degrees.

2. In a system for transmitting intelligence from one geographically situated point to another geographically situated point by propagated electromagnetic waves derived from the flow of high frequency undulatory electrical energy operated upon in accordance with the intelligence to be transmitted, the method of preventing fading of the propagated electromagnetic waves which includes directionallypropagating the waves and rapidly wobbling the direction of propagation in a vertical plane only through a small angle substantially less than 90 degrees. I

3. The method of preventing fading of signals transmitted from an antenna which includes radiating the signal oscillations from the antenna and intermittently alternately reflecting the radiated oscillations in a plurality of different directions.

4. In combination, an antenna, reflection means cooperating therewith, when effective, to reflect and thereby make directive the radiation from said antenna, andmeans for rendering the reflection means relatively effective and relatively ineflective in rapid alternation at a frequency not less than the audible range of frequencies.

5. In combination, an antenna, reflection means for reflecting the radiation therefrom in any of a plurality of directions, and means for rendering the reflection means effective for reflection successively and cyclically in each of said directions at a rapid rate.

6. In combination, an antenna for radiating energy of desired frequency, a plurality of syntonizable reflecting wires associated therewith having a plurality of variable tuning means connected thereto, and means for cyclically varying said tuning means to make some of said plurality of reflecting wires resonant to the desired frequency at relatively different times than other of said reflecting wires.

7. In combination, an antenna for radiating energy of working frequency, a plurality of syntonizable reflecting wires associated therewith having a plurality of variable tuning means connected thereto, and means for varying said tuning means at the same speed but in dephased relation to bring said reflecting wires into resonance cyclically at relatively diflerent times comprising a rotatable member to which said tuning means and a driving means are mechanically coupled.

8. In combination, an antenna for radiating energy of working frequency, a plurality of syntonizable reflecting wires associated therewith having a plurality of rotary tuning condensers, each comprising fixed and movable plates, connected thereto, and means for rotating said condensers at the same speed but in dephased relation to bring said reflecting wires into resonance cyclically at relatively different times comprising a rotatable shaft upon which the movable plates of the rotary condenser are mounted in disaligned relation, and means to rotate said shaft at a desired speed.

9. In combination, an antenna, a plurality of reflection. means for reflecting the radiation therefrom in any of a plurality of directions, and means for rendering the reflection means efl'ective for reflection successively and cyclically in each of said directions at not less than an audible rate.

10. In combination, an antenna for radiating energy of working frequency, a plurality of syntonizable reflecting wires associated therewith having a plurality of variable tuning means connected thereto, means for varying said tuning means at the same speed but in dephased relation to bring said reflecting wires into resonance for the Working frequency cyclically at relatively different times including a rotatable member to which said tuning means are mechanically coupled, and driving means to drive said rotatable member at not less than an audible rate.

11. The method of propagating high frequency energy which includes emitting the energy directively both in azimuth and in elevation, directing the energy towards the receiver, in azimuth, and wobbling the directivity in elevation.

GEORGE L. USSELMAN. 

